Qualidade de vida de mulheres climatéricas / Quality of life of climacteric stage women

OBJETIVO: Analisar a qualidade de vida de mulheres climatéricas. MÉTODOS: A pesquisa foi realizada em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família, com 75 mulheres na faixa etária de 35 a 65 anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica, transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio dos formulários Questionário de Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida, Formulário Socioeconômico e Formulário Clínico. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o programa BioEstat 5.0 e o teste estatístico qui quadrado de proporções esperadas iguais. RESULTADOS: Entre as entrevistadas, de maioria entre 35 e 45 anos, observou-se predominância de mulheres de raça parda e com companheiro marital, com menor predominância de sintomas. As mulheres que recebiam entre dois ou mais salários mínimos apresentaram menor intensidade de sintomas, ou mesmo não os apresentaram. Estes fatores podiam estar condicionados ao tipo de atividade exercida ou às condições de trabalho. Evidenciou-se significativa prevalência de falta de ar, suor, calor intenso e ansiedade, sendo o comprometimento do componente mental o mais significativo. Em pacientes com sobrepeso ou obesidade, foi observada maior intensidade de sintomas.CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se grande impacto por conta das mudanças do período do climatério na qualidade de vida das mulheres. Muitos dos sintomas apresentados são influenciados por fatores modificáveis. O controle dos sintomas por meio de mudanças de hábitos é necessário para a manutenção da qualidade de vida.(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the quality of life of climacteric stage women. METHODS: The study was conducted at a Family Health Unit, with 75 women aged 35-65 years. This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional research. Data collection was done through the forms: Questionnaire for Assessment of Quality of Life, Socioeconomic Form, and Clinical Form. For statistical analysis, the software Bioestat 5.0, and the chi-square statistical test of equal expected proportions were used. RESULTS: Among the interviewees, most of them between 35 and 45 years of age, there was a predominance of brown women with marital partners, with a lower prevalence of the symptoms. The women earning between two or more minimum wages presented less severe symptoms, or do not have them. These factors may be conditioned to the type of activity performed or to the working conditions. There was a significant prevalence of shortness of breath, sweat, intense heat and anxiety, with the most significant impairment being to the mental component. In patients with overweight or obesity, a greater severity of symptoms was observed. CONCLUSION: A great impact in the quality of life of women was observed due to the changes of the climacteric period. Many of the symptoms presented are influenced by modifiable factors. The control of symptoms through changes in habits is necessary for keeping quality of life.(AU)

Analysis of the detection coefficient for the association between leprosy and pregnancy in the integration region of Carajas, State of Para, Brazil

Introduction The association between leprosy and pregnancy is currently poorly understood and has been linked to serious clinical consequences. Methods A retrospective study between 2007 and 2009 was performed in the integration region of Carajás, Brazil on a population of pregnant lepers, with non-lepers of ages 12-49 years serving as the reference population. Results Twenty-nine pregnant lepers were studied during the study period. The detection rates (DRs) for the studied association were 4.7 in 2007, 9.4 in 2008, and 4.3 in 2009. Conclusions The Carajás region presented a medium pattern of endemicity during most of the study period, with a high DR found in 2008. .

Leprosy and pregnancy in the State of Para: an epidemiological perspective

Introduction A few older publications describe leprosy associated with pregnancy, a situation that has been linked to leprosy exacerbation. This study aimed to describe the detection rate of this association in the State of Pará by county and Integration Region (IR) from 2007 to 2009 via an analysis of sociodemographic, epidemiological and operational indices. Methods This was a descriptive study using information generated by the SINAN. The Detection Coefficient of the Leprosy and Pregnancy Association (DCLP) epidemiological index was constructed to help interpret the endemicity parameters. The disease was considered hyperendemic when greater than two cases per 10,000 inhabitants were identified. Results During the study period, 149 associations were detected, with 14 hyperendemic counties: seven in 2007, five in 2008 and two in 2009. The Carajás Integrated Region displayed the highest DCLP index in the period. Eldorado dos Carajás had the single highest DCLP index (5.7/10,000 inhabitants, 2008), whereas the DCLP index in Conceição do Araguaia was very high in all three years. However, most counties displayed low or medium DCLP indices. The annual averages were 0.31 DCLP (2007), bass; 0.30 (2008), bass and 0.19 (2009), bass. The average DCLP index was 0.26, which is considered low. Three clusters of medium endemicity were identified by the average DCLP in the study period. Conclusions The analyses indicated that the surveillance program is still unsatisfactory in Pará. The interpretation of the endemicity parameters enabled qualitative and quantitative analyses to determine the epidemiological panorama of this association. The identification of high endemicity requires further clarification. .

A clinical study comparing manic and mixed episodes in patients with bipolar disorder

OBJECTIVE: Mixed episodes have been described as more severe than manic episodes, especially due to their longer duration and their association with higher rates of suicide attempts, hospitalization and psychotic symptoms. The purpose of this study was to compare the severity between mixed and pure manic episodes according to DSM-IV criteria, through the evaluation of sociodemographic data and clinical characteristics. METHOD: Twenty-nine bipolar I patients presenting acute mixed episodes were compared to 20 bipolar I patients with acute manic episodes according to DSM-IV criteria. We analyzed (cross-sectionally) episode length, presence of psychotic symptoms, frequency of suicide attempts and hospitalization, Young Mania Rating Scale scores, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores and the Clinical Global Assessment Scale scores. RESULTS: Young Mania Rating Scale scores were higher in manic episodes than in mixed episodes. There were no differences in gender frequency, CGI scores and rates of hospitalization, suicide attempts and psychotic symptoms, when mixed and manic episodes where compared. Patients with mixed episodes were younger. CONCLUSION: In our sample, mixed states occurred at an earlier age than manic episodes. Contrary to previous reports, we did not find significant differences between manic and mixed episodes regarding severity of symptomatology, except for manic symptoms ratings, which were higher in acute manic patients. In part, this may be explained by the different criteria adopted on previous studies.

OBJETIVO: Estados mistos têm sido descritos como mais graves que episódios de mania, especialmente pela maior duração dos episódios, maiores taxas de suicídio, hospitalização e sintomas psicóticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a severidade entre episódios mistos e mania pura definidos segundo critérios do DSM-IV, avaliando-se características clínicas e sociodemográficas dos pacientes. MÉTODO: Vinte e nove pacientes bipolares do tipo I em estado misto foram comparados a 20 pacientes bipolares do tipo I em episódio de mania aguda de acordo com os critérios do DSM-IV. Analisou-se transversalmente a duração dos episódios, presença de sintomas psicóticos, tentativa de suicídio, hospitalização, escores da Escala de Sintomas de Mania de Young, escores da Escala de Depressão de Hamilton e Escala de Avaliação Clínica Global. RESULTADOS: As pontuações na escala de avaliação de mania de Young foram maiores nos episódios de mania quando comparadas às de episódios mistos. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na freqüência de gêneros, nas pontuações da CGI, nas taxas de hospitalização, tentativa de suicídio e sintomas psicóticos entre episódios mistos e de mania. Pacientes com episódio agudo misto tinham idade menor que pacientes em episódio agudo de mania. CONCLUSÃO: Em nossa amostra, episódios mistos ocorreram em idade menor que em episódios de mania. Ao contrário da literatura, não houve diferenças significativas entre episódios de mania e mistos no que se refere à severidade da sintomatologia, exceto para a pontuação de sintomas de mania, que foi maior em pacientes em mania aguda. Isto pode ser explicado, em parte, pela diferença nos critérios adotados por estudos anteriores.